Assessment of Diabetic and Inflammatory Markers in HIV Infected Adults with and without Diabetes Mellitus in NAUTH, Nnewi, Nigeria
Chidera Vivienne Obilo *
Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Chukwuemeka Kingsley Obilo
Department of Radiology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi, Nigeria.
Ofia Anya Kalu
Department of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nnewi Nigeria.
Nkiru Chineye Nwoka
Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Chinenye Stellamaris Okeke
Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria.
Ogalagu Romanus Ogai
Department of Biochemistry, Tansian University Umunya, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Okezie Alozie Ogwuegbu
Department of Chemical Pathology, Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching hospital Abakiliki, Nigeria.
Chidinma Joy Iwuji
Department of Science Laboratory, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Nigeria.
Chinonso Juliet Akaeme
Department of Chemical Pathology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nigeria.
Ezinne Gloria Ukibe
Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University,Nigeria.
Blessing C Ukibe
Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University,Nigeria.
Ezennia Victory Ukibe
Department of Radiography and Radiological Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
Nancy Amarachukwu Mbachu
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Akwa, Nigeria.
Nkiriuka Rose Ukibe
Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikwe University, Akwa, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background and Aim of Study: To assess the levels of fasting plasma glucose, insulin, insulin resistance, interleukin 10 (lL-10), high sensitive C - reactive protein (Hs-Crp) and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) in HIV infected adult individuals with and without diabetes mellitus in NAUTH Nnewi, Nigeria.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study design carried out at HIV clinic, Nnamdi Azikiwe university teaching hospital, Nnewi Nigeria. A total of 150 participants were recruited using simple random sampling technique and comprised 50 HIV infected individuals with diabetes mellitus, 50 HIV infected individuals without DM and 50 apparently healthy participants without HIV nor DM (control). TNF-α, IL-10 and Hs-Crp was determined using ELISA technique. Anthropometric parameters and blood pressure were measured using standard laboratory methods.
Results: There was significantly higher mean level of TNF-alpha, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, Hs-Crp and FPG in HIV infected individuals with and without DM when compared with control group (p<0.05) respectively. Significantly higher mean valueof BMI was observed in HIV infected individuals with DM compared with HIV infected individuals without DM (p<0.05).BP was significantly higher in HIV infected individuals with DM compared with their counterpart without DM and control (P<0.05) respectively. However, the mean IL-10 level did not differ significantly (P>0.05) between the groups studied.
Conclusion: This suggests some degree of inflammatory reaction in HIV infected individuals without DM and this may subsequently predispose the affected individuals to type 2 DM.
Keywords: HIV, type 2 diabetes mellitus, interleukin 10, high sensitive C - reactive protein, tumour necrosis factor alpha