Influence of Gut Resistome on Humans with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Dalia Abuljadayel
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed Bahieldin
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and Centre of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21589, Saudi Arabia.
Budur Alotaibi
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Wafa M. Aresh
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Reem M. Farsi
*
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Recent studies have shed light on the connection between the gut resistome and individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Environmental factors such as premature birth and exposure to drugs in utero can have a significant impact on children with ASD. Microorganisms present in wastewater, hospitals, and animal production wastewaters have been found to contain various antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) that encode resistance to a broad spectrum of antibiotics. Environmental variables are currently considered potential etiological agents of this condition, as genetics alone cannot explain its primary origin. Numerous bacteria found in the gut microbiota (GM) have an impact on human health. Furthermore, a microbe impacted by birth mode, lifestyle, and genetics is present in the intestine. To produce different compounds that affect the host, train the host's immunity, modify drug action and metabolism, regulate gut endocrine function, and eliminate toxins, for example, GM is essential to achieving the intended target for treatment application.
Keywords: Gut endocrine function, autism spectrum disorder, environmental stresses, Microorganisms