Analytical Strategies for the Detection and Quantification of Nano-formulated Antibiotics: Updates and Perspectives
Haragouri Mishra
School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences,Centurion University of Technology and Management,Odisha, India.
Amulyaratna Behera *
School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences,Centurion University of Technology and Management,Odisha, India.
Sidhartha Sankar Kar
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy & Technology, Salipur, Cuttack, Odisha, India.
Gurudutta Pattnaik
School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences,Centurion University of Technology and Management,Odisha, India.
Satish Kanhar
School of Pharmacy and Life Sciences,Centurion University of Technology and Management,Odisha, India.
Swagatika Dash
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka-576104, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The rapid development of drug resistant micro-organisms is a challenge to the mankind. Nano formulated compounds have proved to be effective strategy to combat bacterial drug resistance. Currently nanoparticulate systems such as nanoantibiotics are getting major attention due to their low inherent toxicity, biodegradability, bioincompatibility and tuneable mechanical characteristics. Nano formulated antibiotics are generally obtained by emulsification and gelification techniques. The effective uses of polymers in encapsulation of antibiotics show enhancement of the efficacy of antibiotics. Combined with techniques like diffraction laser spectroscopy (DLS), electron microscopy (EM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), morphological research of nanoformulated antibiotics are conducted. The detailed study of the polymers used in the preparation of antibiotics nanoparticles as well as their impact on interactions is done by bio-analytical techniques. Antibiotics attached to nanoparticles can avoid the action of enzymes produced by drug resistant bacteria. Nano antibiotics show higher efficacy and bioavailability so a lot of new formulations using nano methods can be developed with the help of bioanalytical techniques. The development as well as the estimation of antibiotics prepared as nano-formulations as per the recent advanced techniques is illustrated in this review.
Keywords: Nano-antibiotics, surface properties, efficacy, resistance, bio-analytical techniques