GC-MS Profile, α-glucosidase Inhibition Potential, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Evaluation of Peels Citrus aurantium (L), Essential Oil
Hafedh Hajlaoui
Research Unit Valorization and Optimization of Resource Exploitation (UR16ES04), Faculty of Science and Technology of Sidi Bouzid, University of Kairouan, Campus University Agricultural City - Sidi Bouzid 9100 Tunisia.
Soumaya Arraouadi
Regional Center of Agricultural Research (CRRA) Sidi Bouzid, Gafsa Road Km 6, PB 357, Sidi Bouzid 9100, Tunisia and Laboratory of Valorization of Unconventional Waters, INRGREF, University of Carthage, Tunisia.
Kaïss Aouadi
Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Qassim University, Buraidah 51452, Saudi Arabia and University of Monastir, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, Avenue of the Environment, Monastir 5019, Tunisia.
Mejdi Snoussi *
Department of Biology, Hail University, College of Science, P.O. Box 2440, 81451 Ha’il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Valorization of Bioressources, Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Monastir, University of Monastir, Avenue Taher Hadded BP 74, 5000 Monastir, Tunisia.
Emira Noumi
Department of Biology, Hail University, College of Science, P.O. Box 2440, 81451 Ha’il, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Laboratory of Bioressources: Integrative Biology and Recovery, High Institute of Biotechnology-University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
Adel Kadri
Faculty of Science and Arts in Baljurashi, Albaha University, P.O. Box (1988), Albaha, Saudi Arabia and Faculty of Science of Sfax, Department of Chemistry, University of Sfax, B.P. 1171, 3000, Sfax, Tunisia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This study was designed to analyze the chemical composition of Citrus aurantium Essential Oil (CAEO) peels and to evaluate α-glucosidase inhibition potential, antioxidant and antibacterial activities. According to GC-MS analyses, 37 compounds were identified with limonene was the most abundant (62.2%). Majority of the identified compounds belong to hydrocarbon monoterpenes fraction (75.7%), followed by oxygenated monoterpenes (19.16%). CAEO α-glucosidase inhibition outlined an important activity with IC50 = 10±1 mg/mL. Moreover, antioxidant activity revealed that CAEO exhibited a potent scavenging effect through 2,2-diphenyl-1 picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH.) (IC50=33.66 µg/mL) and an important ferric ion reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activity (EC50=98.67 µg/mL). Antimicrobial data demonstrate that CAEO was active against a panel of pathogenic bacteria and that CAEO was able to destroy bacterial cells (bactericidal) according to the MBC/MIC ratios towards Gram+ and Gram- tested strains.
Keywords: Citrus aurantium, Essential oil, GC-MS, anti-α-glucosidase, antioxidant, antibacterial