Factors Associated with Glycaemic Control among Diabetic Subjects in Essaouira Province, Morocco: A Cross-Sectional Study
Khaoula Houguig *
Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia , Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
Samia Rkha
Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia , Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco.
Mahassine Rayadi
Endocrinology Service, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah Hospital, Essaouira, Morocco.
Nadia Ouzennou
Pharmacology, Neurobiology, Anthropobiology and Environment Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia , Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco and ISPITS , Higher Institute of Nursing and Technical Health, Marrakech, Morocco.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: The objectives of this study are to determine the frequency of poor glycaemic control, defined by a glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) rate ≥ 7% in diabetic subjects in the province of Essaouira (Morocco), and to identify the associations between poor glycaemic control and socio-demographic, psychosocial, and pathology-related factors in the diabetic subject.
Study Design: This is a a quantitative analytical cross-sectional study.
Methodology : A face-to-face interview was conducted with 522 diabetic subjects followed at 12 health centers ,4 urban and 8 rural, in the province of Essaouira, between January and December 2020
Results: The mean age of the subjects was 57 years,78% female and 22% male. HbA1c was≥7% in 60% of cases. Rural residence (OR=2.75, 95% CI: 1.86-4.05), poor observance of medication (OR=5.57, 95% CI: 3.07-10.11), poor observance of hygiene and dietary rules (OR=4.1, 95% CI: 2.76-6.11), duration of diabetes more than 8,4 years (OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.35-2.85), low monthly income (OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.35-2.85) , were statistically associated with poor glycaemic control. On the other hand, being a member of a diabetes association (OR=2, 95% CI: 1.31-3.06) and having good support from family and friends (OR=1.96, 95% CI: 1.35-2.85) have positively influence glycaemic control.
Conclusion: More than half of the diabetic subjects had a poor glycaemic control, the diabetic subjects living in rural areas, having a poor observance of medication, having a poor observance of hygiene and dietary rules and having a duration of evolution of the disease more than 8,4 years are more susceptible to have glycaemic imbalance.
Keywords: Diabetes, glycaemic control, place of residence, observance of medication, observance of hygiene and dietary rules, duration of diabetes