A Brief Study on Diabetes Mellitus: Pathophysiology and Diagnosis
Harsh Verma *
Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha - 442001, Maharashtra, India.
Swarupa Chakole
Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha - 442001, Maharashtra, India.
Guddi Laishram
Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Sawangi (Meghe), Wardha - 442001, Maharashtra, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: This article reviews published articles and existing diagnostic and therapeutic techniques relevant to adolescents with obesity and diabetes mellitus.
Obesity, in addition to DIABETES MELLITUS, is a crucial risk factor for the occurrence of future chronic and noncommunicable diseases.
Obese and overweight teenagers are more prone to acquire Adult Onset Diabetes, formerly rare among the younger population. However, a global trend of Adult Onset Diabetes was noted in the late 1990s and early 2000s. In the United States and the United Kingdom, and other developing and developed countries, this is particularly true. Adult Onset Diabetes is nearly as common as Insulin Dependent Diabetes in some locations. There has been a significant surge in the prevalence and severity of obesity in several population groups in teenagers.
Objective and Methodology: To read and review the existing literature on the prevalence of Diabetes Mellitus and obesity in adolescence. About 15 articles and literature were studied using the PubMed and Google Scholar search engine to produce a detailed review article on the topic of interest so chosen.
Results and Conclusion: After reviewing the articles, we can agree that TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS is linked easily to young adults who are obese, that is, having a Body Mass Index of more than 30 or more than 30. TYPE-2 DIABETES MELLITUS causes destruction of receptors for insulin which results in an increased level of glucose, causing various diseases. Obesity in young adults is a critical factor in the occurrence of Adult Onset Diabetes which makes them at risk of developing severe diseases in the 3rd or 4th decade of life.
Keywords: Obesity, adolescents, hyperinsulinemia, adult onset diabetes, hyperglycemia