COVID-19: Etiology, Transmission, Epidemiology, Treatment and Clinical trials
Vinod Kumar
Department of Pharmacy, Om Sterling Global University, Hisar 125001, Haryana, India.
Dolly Rani
Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida 201301, India.
Anuradha Saha
Department of Applied Sciences, Galgotias College of Eng. and Tech., Greater Noida, India.
Jenifer Robinson
Department of Science, Indian School Al Wadi Al Kabir, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman.
Chandra Mohan *
SBAS, K. R. Mangalam University, Gurugram-122103, Haryana, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
In 2019, human race again came across a highly transmittable and pathogenic viral infection viz. COVID-19 and along with its pandemic nature, caused severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), and owes its emergence from the local seafood market of Wuhan city, China. Corona virus is currently prevalent all over the world wherein it caused infection in more than 29,599,29 individuals worldwide with mortality rate nearby 6.84% in approximately 213 countries within a short span of time and the infection due to this virus is still on a higher verge. The data showed that the transmission rate of COVID-19 is higher than the previous viral infections, particularly because of changes in genetic recombination at S protein in the RBD region. Till now there is no approved treatment available against COVID-19 infection and has been observed for human to human transfer widely. The present review summarizes the etiology, transmission, epidemiology, possible approaches for the treatment of COVID-19 and Clinical trials.
Keywords: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome coronavirus (SARS), COVID-19, etiology, transmission, epidemiology, treatment, clinical trials