Prevalence Study of Femoral Head Avascular Necrosis and Evaluating Mutual Connection between Injury and Viral Infections: Clinical Analysis and Brief Review
Ali Yeghaneh
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hazrat-e-Rasool General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mehdi Moghtadaei
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hazrat-e-Rasool General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Amir Sobhani Eraghi
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hazrat-e-Rasool General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mani Mahdavi
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hazrat-e-Rasool General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Babak Otoukesh *
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hazrat-e-Rasool General Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Bone and Joint Reconstruction Research Center, Shafa Orthopedic Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Avascular necrosis (AVN) could remain with negligible clinical symptoms, but it would get worsen over the time if it’s left untreated and at the most cases will require surgical treatment. Prevalence of femoral head AVN is almost 0.45% among HIV patients which is approximately 45 times more than the rest of Society. AVN occurs 0.088%-1.33% annually among HIV victims. Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is a bone deteriorating plight. At this study, the clinical prevalence of it has been analyzed among a group of 180 patients at Rasool-e-Akram Hospital (Iran, between 2008 and 2016). Patients were including 121 men and 59 women. Analysis results showed that the prevalence of HCV, HBV, and HIV was 1.7%, 1.1%, and 1.1% respectively. It was found that 63% of patients was currently using immunosuppressive drugs. 17% had a history of drug abuse among which 3.3% were using IV drugs. It was concluded that femoral head AVN is more common among hepatitis and HIV patients.
Keywords: Avascular bone necrosis, femoral head, human immune deficiency virus, hepatitis, hip arthroplasty.