Attenuation of TNF-α Induced Liver Injury by Cinnamon Extract in Rats
Khadijah S. Balamash
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Said S. Moselhy *
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center (KAU), Saudi Arabia and Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University ,Cairo, Egypt
Jehan A. Khan
Department of Biological sciences (Genomic Division), Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Etimad H. Huwait
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Nawal Helmi
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Khalid O. Abulnaja
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center (KAU), Saudi Arabia and Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
Widad M. Al-Bishri
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulrahman L. AL-Malki
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center (KAU), Saudi Arabia and Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
Taha A. Kumosani
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center (KAU), Saudi Arabia and Production of Natural Products for Industrial Application Research Group, (KAU), Saudi Arabia.
Soonham S. Yaghmoor
Experimental Biochemistry Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center (KAU), Saudi Arabia and Bioactive Natural Products Research Group, King Abdulaziz University, Saudi Arabia
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Nowadays, alternative medicinal therapy is recommended for protection and management liver diseases. Cinnamon is popular flavoring ingredient, widely used in as additive worldwide.
Objective: The mechanism of hepato-protective activity of water (WE) or ethanolic extracts (EE) of cinnamon against carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) induced lipid peroxidation and the hepatic injury was investigated in rats.
Materials and Methods: Four groups of male rats were included in this study, Group1: control, Group II; CCl4 intoxicated, Group III (CCl4+ WE) and Group IV (CCl4+ EE) of cinnamon.
Results and Discussion: Serum AST and ALT were elevated in rats induced by CCl4 while oral administrated with 100 mg/kg of either (WE or EE), daily showed improvement in these enzymes. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), IL-6 and TNF-α (P<0.001) were elevated in response to CCl4, while the activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly decreased (P<0.001). Results showed that WE or EE improved liver functions and lower hydroxyproline content. The results obtained indicated that EE has potent hepatoprotective action more than water extract against CCl4 by inhibiting release of inflammatory cytokines that enhance release of proteases and neutrophil that cause liver injury. In addition, these extracts exert a protective effect by lowering MDA level and induce the antioxidants capacity.
Conclusion: It is concluded that free radical-scavenging polyphenols contents inhibit production of inflammatory mediators and enhancing antioxidant capacity.
Keywords: Cinnamon, CCl4, cytokines, antioxidants