Use the Complete Blood Counts and Esr as Biomarkers Prognostic Tool in Breast Cancer Patients Attending Surgery Department at Esut Teaching Hospital, Parklane Enugu Nigeria
N. Soronnadi Clara *
Department of Human Physiology, Haematology and Blood Group Serology, MS.c(Blood Physiology), MS.c(Haematology and Blood group Serology), Chief Medical Laboratory Scientist, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
N. C. Ibeh
Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria.
F. O. Ugwuene
Chemical Pathology, Medical Laboratory Science, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
L. Maduka
Department of Human Physiology, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu State, Nigeria.
O. Odurukwe
Chemical Pathology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu State, Nigeria.
E. I. Aneke
Department of Human Physiology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
M. Ajuba
Department of Community Medicine, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Enugu State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Full blood count is a prerequisite investigation requested from all breast cancer patients before and during treatment.Poor parameters adversely influence the outcome of cancers.
Objective: This study investigated the use of Complete Blood Count (CBC) and Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) as biomarker prognostic tool in breast cancer subjects.
Methods: The sample size comprised of 110 female subjects and controls with ages between 21-70 years. A longitudinal study method was used. The samples were collected from apparently healthy individuals as control, pre-treatment at diagnosis and the treatment samples at different stages of the treatment. Questionnaire used obtained other demographic information. The data was analyzed with IBM SPSS PC. Version 20.0; SPSS Inc., Chicago, III., USA.
Results: Results showed that increased Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) and decreased Lymphocyte / Monocyte Ratio (LMR) were significantly associated with increased hazard ratio (HR) and decreased OS at p<0.05 while Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio ( PLR) had no significant difference at P>0.05 in Breast Cancer. In CBC and ESR, control, pre-treatment and treatment period, red blood cell (RBC) parameters and total white blood cell (TWBC) parameters decreased significantly at p<0.05 in treatment results compared to the pre-treatment and control results while others showed no significant increase at p<0.05 in treatment results compared to pre-treatment results. Treatment red cell distribution width (RDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV) observed a significant increase (p<0.05) compared to the control and pre-treatment results. Age group 21-30 years showed more susceptibility than other age groups with lowest mean±SD in CBC and ESR but with no significant difference at p>0.05.
Conclusion: This study supports the concept that biomarkers such as CBC and ESR can be used as a prognostic tool in early detection, treatment and monitoring of the disease progression in these subjects
Keywords: Breast cancer, inflammation, complete blood count, hospital, Nigeria