Nanomedicine in Treatment of Typhoid Fever: A Review
Swati Pund *
Ambadasrao Warpudkar Institute of Pharmacy, Warpud, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India.
Nitin Kharat
Ambadasrao Warpudkar Institute of Pharmacy, Warpud, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India.
Shaikh Sohel Shaikh Khalil
Ambadasrao Warpudkar Institute of Pharmacy, Warpud, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India.
Shoebuddin Zaheeroddin Shaikh
Ambadasrao Warpudkar Institute of Pharmacy, Warpud, Parbhani, Maharashtra, India.
Chetan Pulate
Sharadchandra Pawar College of Pharmacy, Dumbarwadi, Otur, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
Harshal Tare
MGM University, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
For effective management of typhoid, diagnosis of the disease must be done with speed and accuracy. Laboratory diagnosis of typhoid fever requires isolation and identification of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi. In many areas where the disease is endemic, laboratory capability is limited. Recent advances in molecular immunology have led to the identification of sensitive and specific markers. Currently, alternative methods for biological molecular analysis are enzyme immunoassay, surface plasmon resonance and electrochemical immunoassay. With the development of nanotechnology, various nanoparticles and nano-quantum dots have been used as labels to enhance the sensitivity of the electrochemical immunoassay technique.
Keywords: Typhoid fever, typhoid diagnosis, nanotechnology, nanoparticles