Frequency of Renal Involvement in Patients of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Abdul Rashid Dayo *
Department of Medicine, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Hospital, Sukkur, Pakistan.
Yar Muhammad Tunio
Department of Medicine, GIMS, Gambat, Khairpur, Pakistan.
Shahzad Memon
Department of Medicine, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences, Nawabshah, Pakistan.
Nasrullah Aamer
Department of Medicine, People's University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah, Pakistan.
Rajesh Jamna Dass
Department of Medicine, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Hospital, Sukkur, Pakistan.
Ruqayya Farhad
Department of Medicine, GIMS, Gambat, Khairpur, Pakistan.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Objective: To determine the frequency of renal involvement in patients of systemic lupus erythematosus.
Methodology: This descriptive study was conducted at Department of Medicine, Ghulam Muhammad Mahar Medical College Teaching Hospital Sukkur, Pakistan, during six months after the approval of synopsis from October 30, 2018 to April 29, 2019. All the SLE patients fulfilling the clinical and laboratory criteria of the American Rheumatism Association, aged between 18 to 40 years and of either gender, who visited above stated study setting were included. Well-versed written consent was obtained after explaining the risks, procedure, and benefits of this study. Proven cases of Systemic Lupus erythematosus were assessed for renal involvement indicated by proteinuria >0.5 gm/24 hrs. or cellular casts (tubular, red, and granular cells) or serum creatinine >1.3 mg/dl. The study data was recorded electronically using proforma.
Results: Mean of patients’ age was 29.11±5.80 years. Mean ± SD of serum urea, serum creatinine, and serum albumin was 48.58±18.61, 1.28±0.43 and 3.44±0.42 mg/dL respectively. Mean of urine protein was 1448.88±1278.76 mg. Out of 95 patients, 37 were males and 58 were females. Renal involvement was noted in 34 (35.8%) patients.
Conclusion: In conclusion, renal involvement is very prevalent in people with systemic lupus erythematosus. Systemic lupus erythematosus patients should get a kidney biopsy as early as clinical indications of nephritis appear in order to expedite treatment decisions and reduce the risk of irreparable kidney damage caused by inflammation.
Keywords: Renal involvement, systemic lupus erythematosus, prognosis