Neonatal Morbidity Patterns and Admission Outcomes: A Cross Sectional Study at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Pakistan
Muhammad Parial Shahani *
Faculty of Community Medicine and Public Health, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto University, Larkana, Pakistan and Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia.
Mohd Rizal Bin Haji Abdul Manaf
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia.
Azimatun Noor Aizuddin
Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia.
Kaleemullah Abro
Faculty of Community Medicine and Public Health, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto University, Larkana, Pakistan.
Vijia Kumar Gemnani
Faculty of Community Medicine and Public Health, Shaheed Mohtarma Benazir Bhutto University, Larkana, Pakistan.
Abdul Rehman Shaikh
Department of Pediatrics, CMCH, SMBBMU, Larknana, Pakistan.
Zainab Shahani
Isra School of Optometry, Isra University, Karachi, Pakistan.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Objective: To determine the neonatal mortality and ascertain the disease patterns at neonatal ward in a tertiary care hospital
Material and Methods:
Design: Hospital based cross sectional study.
Participants: Two thousand, two hundred and seventy five neonates were registered using retrospective data from 1st January 2020 to 31st Dec 2020. We recorded gender, birth weight, cause of admission, and admission outcome. Data was analyzed using Microsoft excel data spread sheet.
Results: There were 2275 patients registered from CPDR (complete patient data record register) from 1st January 2020 to 31st Dec 2020. The mean birth weight was 2.35 kg, with lowest birth weight of 0.9kg and highest birth weight of 4.8kg (SD 0.8 and SE 0.01, CI 0.025). Out of 2175 admitted neonates 506 (23.2%) died, 1250 (57.4%) were discharged after desired improvement, most common presenting complaint and cause of admission was HIE grade 1 , followed by Sepsis, 418 (18.5%), 380(16.9%), respectively.
Conclusions: Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy grade I is the most common morbidity pattern in our study, the mortality rate was observed very high, indicators of birth weight were also poor. There is a great need for improvement of antenatal care for mothers to enhance different measures of newborn welfare and wellbeing.
Keywords: Neonatal mortality, neonatal morbidity, low birth weight, newborn, Pakistan