Analysis of Determinants of Neonatal Mortality in Afar and Somalia Regions, Ethiopia
Belema Hailu Regesa
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Temesgen Senbeto *
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Gizachew Gobebo
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Reta Lemesa
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Ravi Kanth Makarla
College of Business and Economics, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Getachew Tadesse
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Kebede Lulu
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Terefa Bechera
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Sagni Daraje
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Agassa Galdassa
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Ketema Bedane
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Alemayehu Siffir
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Jiregna Olani
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Girma Teferi
College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
Maru Mossisa
College of Medicine and Health Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Emebet Chimdi
College of Medicine and Health Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Gosa Tesfaye Degaga
College of Medicine and Health Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Birhanu Woldeyohannes
Addis Ababa Transport Bureau, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Bizunesh Kefale
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Geribe Hemba
College of Natural and Computational Science, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Children face the highest risk of dying in their first month of life. Ethiopia is one of the sub-Saharan countries with highest newborn deaths. Afar and Somalia regions in Ethiopia are among the regions with high death rates of newborn children. This study aimed to analyse and identify determinants of neonatal mortality in Afar and Somalia regions, Ethiopia.
Methods: This study used 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey data for the analysis. The multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify the significant determinants of neonatal mortality. Adjusted odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval and p-value < 0.05 in the multivariable logistic regression model was reported to declare the statistical significance and strength of association between neonatal mortality and determinants.
Results: A total of 2567 newborn children were included in this study. Mortality rate among newborns in the first month was 41 per 1000 live births in Afar and Somalia regions. Health facility delivery (AOR: 0.634; 95% CI: 0.409–0.982), being female (AOR: 0.206; 95% CI: 0.073–0.528), multiple births (AOR: 3.958; 95% CI: 2.293–11.208), small size at birth (AOR: 1.208; 95% CI: 1.003–1.728), secondary and above educational level of mothers (AOR: 0.484; 95% CI: 0.294–0.797) were statistically significant determinants neonatal mortality.
Conclusions: In this study, sex of child, place of delivery, birth type, size at birth, mother’s educational level were found to be statistically significant determinants of neonatal death in Afar and Somalia regions, Ethiopia. Mothers with no education should be given health education and institutional delivery should be encouraged to improve the survival of the neonates in Afar and Somalia regions, Ethiopia.
Keywords: Neonatal mortality, afar and somalia regions, Ethiopia