Prevalence and Antibiogram of Multidrug Resistant Klebsiella Species
Ulfat Sultana *
Department of Pharmacology, Muhammad Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Tajwar Sultana
Department of Pharmacology, Muhammad Medical College, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Syeda Amber Zaidi
Department of Pharmacology, Hamdard College of Medicine and Dentistry, Karachi, Pakistan.
Faiza Qureshi
Department of Pharmacology, Shaheed Mohterma Benazir Bhutto Medical College, Lyari, Karachi, Pakistan.
Yameen Bocha
Department of Pharmacology, Ziauddin Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Tayyaba Kazmi
Department of Anatomy, Baqai Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: To find out the prevalence and susceptibility of MDR klebsiella isolates in Karachi.
Study Design: Pre-clinical in-vitro study.
Place and Duration of Study: Study was conducted at the microbiology lab of the tertiary care hospital of Karachi, Pakistan during May to October 2021.
Methodology: About 550 samples of blood, urine and wound swab were inoculated on blood agar and MacConkey agar and incubated at 37° Celsius for 24 hours. The antibiotic susceptibility was identified by Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method. Antibiotic disc of amoxicillin-clavulanate 20 µg, Fosfomycin 200 µg, Ciprofloxacin 5 μg, Moxifloxacin µg, Gentamicin 10 μg and Ceftolozane/tazobactam (30/10 μg) were placed on agar plate and then incubated at 35°C for 16-24 hours. Data was analyzed by using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.
Results: Out of total 550 strains of Klebsiella 35% were multidrug resistant while 64% were not. Sensitivity and resistance pattern of multiple antibiotics against Klebsiella showed that majority of antibiotics were resistant to Klebsiella. The highest resistance was noted with amoxicillin that was 90%, followed by amoxiclave, nitrofurantoin, doxycycline, ceftazidime and ciprofloxacin with frequency of 86%, 75%, 64% 56% and 54% respectively. On the other hand, combination of Ceftolozane and tazobactam were highly sensitive against klebsiella followed by fosfomycin, Imipenem and combination of piperacillin and tazobactam with frequency of 95%, 89%, 88% and 68% respectively.
Conclusion: It can be concluded that klebsiella species have developed high resistance against a number of antibiotics resulting in high morbidity and mortality. Currently combination of Ceftolozane and tazobactam is highly sensitive so it should be preserved as a future lifesaving drug. Beside this, fosfomycin, Imipenem and combination of piperacillin and tazobactam also reported high sensitivity.
Keywords: Klebsiella species, multidrug resistance, ceftolozane/tazobactam