Nephroprotective Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Carissa carandas Leaves against Gentamicin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Wistar Albino Rats
V. V. Rajesham *
Department of Pharmacology, CMR College of Pharmacy, Kandlakoya, Medchal District, Telangana-501401, India.
Hima Sowmya Kandoti
Department of Pharmacology, CMR College of Pharmacy, Kandlakoya, Medchal District, Telangana-501401, India.
Mitta Raghavendra
Department of Pharmacology, CMR College of Pharmacy, Kandlakoya, Medchal District, Telangana-501401, India.
P. Roshan Ali
Department of Pharmacology, CMR College of Pharmacy, Kandlakoya, Medchal District, Telangana-501401, India.
T. Rama Rao
Department of Pharmaceutics, CMR College of Pharmacy, Kandlakoya, Medchal District, Telangana-501401, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The present study was aimed to evaluate the nephroprotective activity of ethanolic extract of Carissa carandas Linn. Leaves (EECC) in Gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in Wistar albino rats. The renal damage was induced by Gentamicin (80mg/kg body weight, i.p.). Nephroprotective activity was investigated by the administration of EECC at two different doses (100 and 200mg/kg body weight, p.o) for 28 days and by assessing serum parameters, renal oxidative stress markers and histopathological studies. Gentamicin-treated animals showed an increase in serum creatinine, uric acid, urea, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and decrease in total protein, reduced glutathione (GSH), and catalase(CAT) compared to normal control animals, which indicates severe nephrotoxicity. Histopathological studies of kidney Gentamicin-treated animals showed extensive acute tubular necrosis and peri-tubular inflammation. Administration of EECC showed a significant improvement (p<0.05) in biochemical and oxidative stress markers compared to the disease group. EECC treated groups showed better histological appearance when compared to the disease group. Ethanolic extract of Carissa carandas Linn. Leaves showed significant nephroprotective activity against gentamicin-induced acute kidney injury.
Keywords: Carissa carandas linn. gentamicin, acute kidney injury, nephroprotective activity, Anti-oxidant activity