Biomaterials – Novel Advances in Nasal Medical Implants, 3D Printing Applications
T. M. Amulya
JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India.
K. G. Siree
Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India.
T. M. Pramod Kumar
Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India.
M. B. Bharathi
JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India.
K. Divith
Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India.
Gorthi Nihar
Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India.
M. P. Gowrav *
Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Sri Shivarathreeshwara Nagara, Mysuru – 570015, Karnataka, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The scope and applications of biomaterials have spread out throughout a broad spectrum. Particularly in pharmacy, biomaterials are an attractive choice because they can be modified to decrease toxicity, increase the targeting ability among many other aspects of drug delivery. Extensive studies have led to the development of many metal-based, ceramic, biocompatible and biodegradable biomaterials for medical purposes among many others. The utilization of 3D printing in this discipline is a very novel research subject with infinite potential. Personalized and customized nasal implants are a great option to increase patient compliance and 3D printed accurate anatomical structures are rendered to be effective tools of learning. One of the disadvantages of biomaterial-based implants is the formation of a thick fibrous capsule formation around the implant, others being breakage, soft tissue loss and so on. Regulatory aspects are less explored for nasal implants. 3D printing is a unique technique that allows for a high degree of customisation in pharmacy, dentistry and in designing of medical devices. Current research in 3D printing indicates towards reproducing an organ in the form of a chip; paving the way for more studies and opportunities to perfecting the existing technique.
Keywords: Biomaterials, 3D printed biomaterials, 3D printed nasal implants, regulatory aspects, drug delivery