Prevalence of Hypodontia in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Digital Orthopantomographic Study
Osama Ahmed Qutub *
Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulelah Binmahfooz
Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Samar Hatem Abuzinadah
Restorative Dentistry Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Ghadeer I. Basunbul
Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Reem Abualsaud
Substitutive Dental Sciences Department, College of Dentistry, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Esraa Ahmed Abdulghafour Attar
Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Khames T. Alzahrani
Ministry of Health, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Mohammed Algthaiae
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Abdullah Algahtani
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulrahman Jafar Alhaddad
Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontic Department, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Introduction: Hypodontia or Dental agenesis; is defined as a developmental missing of any teeth, excluding the last molars. It may befall as a genetic syndrome or as a non-syndromic isolated trait. However, there is no prevalence available in our city.
Aim and Objectives: The tenacity of this research is to assess the frequency of hypodontia among the population who received dental care at King Abdul Aziz University Dental Hospital in the city of Jeddah.
Study Design: Retrospective digital orthopantomographic: cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Oral & Maxillofacial Prosthodontic Department, King Abdulaziz University, between January 2019 and July 2020.
Methodology: This research is a retrospective cross-sectional study based on the examination of an archival dental record and 2D panoramic radiographs of patients who are presented at King Abdulaziz University Dental Hospital, Jeddah. A total of 2045 records were reviewed and included in this study. Two general practitioners reviewed patient’s dental charts looking for congenital missing tooth/teeth in a dark room by the method that the practitioners use. Careful reviews of each patient’s record were done to ensure that the cause of the missing tooth/teeth were congenital and not surgical or traumatic. Data were gathered from dental records of patients’ age period 6-9 years since most of the dental follicle of the permanent teeth should be completed or the tooth just erupts, radiographic findings were always compared to the patients’ file and progress notes to ensure the causative factors of missing teeth. The data were recorded in an excel sheet which included gender, age, the type, area and counting of the missing teeth.
Results: After collecting the data, the total number of patients after exclusion were 1984. The prevalence of hypodontia in our tested population was %5.39. Statistical analysis were done by using SPSS software to correlate between variables. Varices grades.
Conclusion: Within the limitations of this study our data shows that the most common congenitally tooth agenesis is the second premolar %47.6 and the second most common congenitally missing tooth is lateral incisor %18.6.
Keywords: Hypodontia, dental agenesis, congenitally absent teeth, prevalence, epidemiology, incidence, dental anomalies