Putative Role of Monoaminergic Systems in Antidepressant and Anxiolytic Effects of Naringin in Mice: An Interaction Study with Receptor Antagonists
G. E. Anyanwu
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria.
V. O. Atuadu
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria and Departments of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu, Nigeria.
B. Ben-Azu
Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, College of Health Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta, Nigeria.
E. A. Esom *
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria.
J. N. Nto
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria.
A. U. Katchy
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: Stress-related disorders like depression and anxiety represent one of the greatest therapeutic challenges globally. Although previous studies have revealed the antidepressant-like potentials of naringin, the neurotransmitter receptor interaction mechanisms of action have not been studied, hence, this study was carried out to evaluate the role of neurotransmitter-receptor antagonists in the antidepressant-like effects of naringin in mice.
Method: Male Swiss mice were subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) apart from mice in the control group. The mice were then pretreated with different neurotransmitter antagonists; metergoline (4 mg /kg i.p.), a 5-HT1 - and 5-HT2 -receptor antagonist; propranolol; (0.2 mg/kg i.p.), β1,2-noradrenoceptor antagonist or haloperidol (0.2 mg/kg i.p.), D 2 -dopaminergic receptor antagonists prior to the administration of naringin or vehicle (10 mL/kg). The antidepressant-like and anxiolytic effects of naringin were evaluated 30 min later using the tail suspension test (TST), open-field test (OFT), sucrose preference test (SPT) and elevated plus maze (EPM) tests paradigms.
Results: Administration of naringin following CUMS significantly decrease immobility time and locomotion activity in TST and OFT respectively, relative to control while increasing preference to sucrose in SPT, open arm entries as well as time spent in open arm in EPM, relative to control suggesting antidepressant-like property. Pretreatment with metergoline, propranolol, and haloperidol following CUMS increased immobility time in TST, locomotor activity in OFT and IOAA in the EPM. Reduced preference for sucrose in SPT, open arm entry and duration in EPM relative to control (p < 0.05), however, these effects were attenuated by naringin.
Conclusion: These findings suggest that the antidepressant-like activity exhibited by naringin might be mediated via interactions with 5-HTergic, noradrenergic, and dopaminergic receptors, while the anxiolytic effect might involve interaction with both 5-HTergic and noradrenergic receptors.
Keywords: Depression, anxiety, Naringin, monoaminergic system, antidepressant, Neurotransmitter-receptor antagonists