Formulation and Characterization of Dill Seed Vaginal Cream Based on a Traditional Medicine
Zohreh Sarhadinejad
Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran and Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Persian Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Fariba sharififar
Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Zarrin Sarhadynejad
Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran and Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Persian Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Zohreh Salari
Obstetrics and Gynecology Center, Afzalipour School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Haleh Tajadini
Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran and Department of Persian Medicine, Faculty of Persian Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Farzaneh Mohamadi
Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran, Haft-Bagh Blvd, Kerman, P.O.Box 7616911319, Iran.
Amir Asadi-Khanouki
Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Mehdi Ansari *
Department of Drug and Food Control, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran, Haft-Bagh Blvd, Kerman, P.O.Box 7616911319, Iran.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Background: Dill seed has been used as a vaginal discharge remedy according to traditional origins, but its application by traditional methods is difficult and time-consuming.
Aims: The main aim of this study was preparing a vaginal dosage form with acceptable physicochemical properties from dill seed extract-essential oil combination to be easily applied, and the dosage can be precisely determined.
Study Design: This is an experimental study and statically designed according to the approved protocol for drug assessments.
Place and Duration of Study: Pharmacognosy Department, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran, between May 2016 and June 2017.
Methodology: Dill seed was purchased and authenticated. Some phytochemical properties like volatile contents, total flavonoid, and phenolic content, extractable matter were determined. In addition, gas chromatography/ mass spectrophotometer (GC/MS) analysis and thin layer chromatography fingerprints were done. Physical properties, pH, chemical stability, microbial contamination, and release study of the vaginal cream were carried out.
Results: GC-MS analysis showed that the main components of the essential oil are dl- Limonene and carvone. The presence of rutin in the extract was confirmed by TLC fingerprints. Total flavonoid content was expressed as rutin equivalent to 22.5±1.6 μg per mg of the extract. The total phenolic content was expressed as gallic acid equivalent to 201.6±1.0 μg per mg of the methanolic extract. The released percentage, on the basis of total extract from the cream after 24 hours was about 36.9±8.4. Chemical stability showed that major components of DSVC including carvone and limonene remained about 102.8 and 106.9%, respectively after 24 months. Microbial control of the final products showed no pathogenic contamination.
Conclusion: The results from phytochemical of the dill seed and physicochemical of the vaginal cream were in an acceptable range which supports its stability and applicability in clinical trials.
Keywords: Anethum graveolens L., Antifungal drug development, Physicochemical characterization, Traditional Medicine; Vaginal cream.