Overview on Cardiac Cirrhosis and Congestive Hepatopathy - A Review
Mohammed Salah Hussein
Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, Dr Samir Abbas Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia and Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Al- Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Sarah Jamal Almujil
KAUH, Saudi Arabia.
Ahmed Saeed S. Banheem
King Abdullah Medical Complex Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Nasser Naif Alsuhaymi
Al-Rayan Colleges – Medina, Saudi Arabia.
Mansour Hemaid Alhelali
Medical Rehabilitation Hospital, Saudi Arabia.
Dhiyaa Hassan A. Aldukhi
Graduate, Saudi Arabia.
Khalil Rafed B. Alsaedi
Medical Rehabilitation Hospital, Saudi Arabia.
Naif Mohammed Al-Wagdani
King Abdulaziz Hospital – Rabigh Branch, Saudi Arabia.
Ebtesam Ali S. Almadi
Qassim University, Saudi Arabia.
Khalid Mohammed A. Aladhadh
King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Saudi Arabia.
Fahad A. M. R. H. AlAjmi
Farwaniyah Hospital, Saudi Arabia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Cardiac cirrhosis (congestive hepatopathy) refers to a group of hepatic abnormalities that develop as a result of right-sided heart failure. Cirrhosis of the liver can be induced by any right-sided pathology that leads to right-sided heart failure, which leads to increased venous congestion and pressure in the hepatic sinusoids. Because cardiac cirrhosis might be asymptomatic or diagnosed incorrectly due to other types of liver disease, determining its prevalence is difficult. The underlying heart disease, rather than the hepatic congestion and damage, is usually the cause of death in cardiac cirrhosis. The control of the underlying cardiac disease, as well as the optimization of cardiac output, are the mainstays of congestive hepatopathy treatment. Diuresis can help with hepatic congestion, but it must be used with caution to avoid causing hepatic ischemia. Hemodynamic therapy may be able to reverse the early stages of congestive hepatitis. The widespread use of heart transplantation (HT) and considerable breakthroughs in medical and surgical treatments have drastically altered the profile of CH patients. In this overview we will be looking at the disease cause, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment.
Keywords: Cardiac cirrhosis, Congestive Hepatopathy, hepatic abnormalities, heart failure