Triggers and Diagnosis of Parasomnias in Children –A Review
Heba A. Fouad *
Consultant Psychiatrist in DSAH, Saudi Arabia.
Hussam Abdulshakour Jamaluddin
NGHA, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Mari Osman Alwadai
Najran University, Saudi Arabia.
Ismail Zayed Alqahtani
Al-Ahsa Psychiatric Hospital, Saudi Arabia.
Nawaf Abdullah AlGhuraybi
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Reem Ali Alshehri
King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Abdulaziz Mohammed Kariri
Jazan University, Saudi Arabia.
Reem Mohammed Kariri
Eradah Mental Health Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Ibrahim Hassan Faqihi
Eradah Mental Health Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
Ali Mohammed Aleid
Medical University of Lodz, Poland.
Khalid Abdulrahman Al Dakheel
King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Fahad Mohammed Saed
King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
Moudhi Mohammed Alajmi
Batterjee Medical College, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The occurrence of parasomnias, which are most common during childhood, is one probable early sign of psychosis vulnerability. 6–8 Frequent nightmares have long been thought to play a role in the development of psychosis. In the outpatient clinics, sleep problems are one of the most common presentations. In fact, maladaptive sleep patterns are linked to up to 50% of major complaints in primary care settings. The etiology of parasomnias is unknown because no obvious cause has been identified; nonetheless, a variety of explanations have developed. The majority of childhood parasomnias (confessional arousals, sleepwalking, sleep terror, and nightmares) are harmless, and most children outgrow them. As a result, reassuring and educating the parents can be beneficial in those situations without the need for medical assistance. With that being said there’s also serval medical approaches that address such a disease. In this article we will be looking at the disease epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis and treatment.
Keywords: Epidemiology, etiology, diagnosis and treatment, parasomnias, children