A Review on In vitro Cell Culture Model for Bacterial Adhesion and Invasion: From Simple Monoculture to Co-Culture Human Intestinal Epithelium Model
Nur Intan Hasbullah
School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia, Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, UiTM Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia and Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, Pekan Parit Tinggi, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Sharifah Aminah Syed Mohamad *
School of Biology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia and Atta-ur-Rahman Institute for Natural Product Discovery, UiTM Puncak Alam Campus, 42300 Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia.
Rashidah Iberahim
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, Pekan Parit Tinggi, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Nor'Aishah Hasan
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, Pekan Parit Tinggi, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Noorlis Ahmad
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, Kampus Kuala Pilah, Pekan Parit Tinggi, 72000 Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Low Kheng Oon
Malaysia Genome Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Nor Azfa Johari
Malaysia Genome Institute, National Institutes of Biotechnology Malaysia, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Mohd Nuruddin Abd. Manap
Putra Agrotech Sdn. Bhd. (UPM), 43650 Bandar Baru Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: This paper reviews the different in vitro models of human intestinal epithelium that have been utilized for studying the adhesion and invasion properties.
Problem Statement: The cell adhesion and invasion are the key mechanisms of bacterial pathogenicity that determines their possible routes of transmission. Numerous investigations related to the adhesion and invasion ability of bacterial isolates have been reported on monoculture human intestinal cells. However, the use of monoculture cells has several major disadvantages, such as the inability to reproduce the complex structure that defines the intestine and the inability to accurately predict the mechanism of bacterial adhesion and invasion.
Approach: Co-culture models of human intestine have been developed as an alternative to improve the monoculture epithelial cell for adhesion and invasion studies, which provide more flexibility and overcome some of the limitations
Conclusion: With the use of diverse in vitro approach, it could provide thorough information on different ability of bacterial adhesion and invasion and it could help to clarify the intricacy of host-pathogen interactions that underpin bacterial pathogenesis.
Keywords: Human intestinal cell lines, bacterial adhesion, bacterial invasion, monoculture, co-culture Caco-2/HT29-MTX