Antihyperglycemic Activity of Swertia chirata on nSTZ-T2DM Rats: A Chronic Study
Amrita Bhowmik
Department of Applied Laboratory Sciences, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Bangladesh and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.
M. Mosihuzzaman
Department of Chemistry, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Bangladesh and International Centre for Natural Product Research (ICNPR), Bangladesh.
Yearul Kabir
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Begum Rokeya *
Department of Pharmacology, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences (BUHS), Bangladesh.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: The present study aimed to investigate antidiabetic effects and to explore the underlying mechanism of S. chirata on neonatal-streptozotocin induced type 2 diabetic model (nSTZ-T2DM) rats.
Methodology: Stem-barks were collected from local market, identified from Bangladesh National Herbarium; 96% ethanol extract and overnight soaked water solution were prepared. T2DM was induced by a single ip injection of STZ to 48 hours Long Evans neonatal pups. After 3 months, T2DM adult rats (confirmed by OGTT) were divided into 4 groups: i) water control; ii) Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg bw); iii) soaked water (SCWS, 0.25 g/10 ml/kg bw) and iv) ethanol extract (SCE, 0.25 g/kg bw)treated groups respectively. Blood was collected by cutting tail tip on 0 and 21 day; by cardiac puncture on 28 day for measuring biochemical parameters. The data were analyzed using univariate & multivariate tools.
Results: SCE (p=0.003) and SCWS (p<0.001) treated group significantly improved OGTT of T2DM rats after three weeks administration. A significant decrease of fasting glucose level (p=0.01) and HOMA IR (p=0.01) were noticed in SCWS treated group after 28th day in comparison to initial day value respectively. Cholesterol was significantly decreased in SCWS on 28th day (p=0.02 and p=0.03) in comparison to water control and initial day respectively. Triglycerides was decreased in both treated groups and LDL level decreased by 42% in SCWS group respectively. Hepatic glycogen content of SCE was significantly increased (p=0.05) compared to water control. Serum ALT and creatinine level almost remained unchanged. A gradual fall of glucose absorption in SCE-krebs-glucose solution through GIT after 30 minutes was shown in Gut Perfusion Technique. Conclusion: S. chirata stem-bark possesses significant antihyperglycemic activity in T2DM rats which may be improved glucose tolerance, increased glycogenesis, decreased insulin resistance and total cholesterol level that may provide a rationale for using it in diabetic treatment.
Keywords: S. chirata, antihyperglycemic, STZ, GI Tract, T2DM