Phytochemical and Pharmacological Profiles of the Genus Odontonema (Acanthaceae)
Lokadi Pierre Luhata *
Laboratoire de Phytochimie, Faculté de Sciences et Technologies, Université Loyola du Congo, Box 3724, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo and Department of Chemistry, University of Zambia, Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia.
Namboole Moses Munkombwe
Department of Chemistry, University of Zambia, Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia.
Peter Mubanga Cheuka
Department of Chemistry, University of Zambia, Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia and Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, 7701, South Africa.
Harrison Sikanyika
Department of Chemistry, University of Zambia, Box 32379, Lusaka, Zambia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Odontonema is a group of tropical plant species used in folklore medicine because of its wide range of pharmacological properties. These plants are known to be anti-bacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-hypertensive, anti-viral, hepatoprotective, sedative and anti-oxidant. Furthermore, some species have been reported to induce child birth and trigger bronchodilatation. Since this group of plants is associated with a plethora of pharmacological properties, a review of reported medicinally-relevant investigations is warranted. Herein, we review the ethnopharmacology, bioactivity reports, and phytochemistry of the plant species belonging to the genus Odontonema. To compile this review, an extensive literature search was conducted using Google Scholar, SciFinder, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scielo web sites, updated to May 2015. Although there are a number of pharmacological and ethnopharmacological reports on the four species of Odontonema covered in this review, phytochemical profiling of this group of plants is quiet limited. Odontonema strictium was found to be the most phytochemically profiled showing the presence of phytosterols and flavonoids.
Keywords: Phytomedicine, phytochemical, pharmacological, bioactivity, Odontonema