Quantitative Assessment of Age and Gender Related Changes in Human Lacrimal Fluid Composition in Subjects
Ohwin Ejiro Peggy
Delta State University, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Department of Human Physiology, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Ofulue Ofioritse Ogheneyoma
Delta State University, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Department of Human Physiology, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Nwogueze Bartholomew Chukwuebuka *
Delta State University, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Department of Human Physiology, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Agbonifo-Chiiokwu Ejime
Delta State University, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Department of Human Physiology, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Omeru Oghenerukevwe
Delta State University, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Department of Human Physiology, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
Nwangwa Eze Kingsley
Delta State University, Faculty of Basic Medical Science, Department of Human Physiology, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Purpose: The frequency of eyelids blink rate has effect on the integrity of the tear fluid and replacement of old of tears on the ocular surface. Comprehension of the effect of advancing age and gender on tears fluid stability and quality is contentious. Basal tears continuously bathe the ocular facet lubricating and providing protection from viral and bacterial infections, cooling the surface as warmth encourages pathogen. Basal tear dysfunction basically results in conjunctival and corneal conditions which exposes the ocular facet to dryness, ulceration, opacity and even blindness. This study determined the quantitative assessment of age and gender related changes in human lacrimal fluid composition in subjects
Methods: The design involved 400 (192 males and 208 females) human subjects aged 6 years and above who do not wear contact lenses, not on topical medication and having healthy eyes grouped into twelve groups based on age and gender. Maximum blink interval (for tear break-up time) and phenol red thread procedure (for tear volume) were carried out monocularly for each subject.
Results: Findings from this study have established that tear fluid stability among different age groups; are often higher for group 6-12years and lower for 60years and above; therefore, study established that tear fluid stability is age dependent. In addition, tear fluid stability (average MBI. Tear volume and flow rate) are gender independent.
Conclusion: The present study revealed that tears fluid breakup time increases with decrease in tears fluid flow rate, volume and flow.
Keywords: Tears fluid, tear flow, tear volume, Maximum blink interval