Antioxidant, Analgesic and Antipyretic Activities of Ethanol Extract of the Stem Bark Dichaetanthera africana (Hooker F.) Jacq. Felix. (Melastomataceae)
Aristide Laurel Mokale Kognou
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, P.O.Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon and Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, VNS Campus, Vidya Vihar, Neelbud-462044, Bhopal, India and Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, P.O.Box 13033, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Rajesh Singh Pawar
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, VNS Campus, Vidya Vihar, Neelbud-462044, Bhopal, India.
Rosalie Annie Ngono Ngane *
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, P.O.Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon.
Pradeep Pateriya
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, VNS Campus, Vidya Vihar, Neelbud-462044, Bhopal, India.
Prem Narayan Pal
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Ethnopharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, VNS Campus, Vidya Vihar, Neelbud-462044, Bhopal, India.
Alembert Tiabou Tchinda
Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, P.O.Box 13033, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Gabriel Agbor Agbor
Centre for Research on Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine, Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plants Studies, Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation, P.O.Box 13033, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Rebecca Madeleine Ebelle Etame
Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Douala, P.O.Box 24157, Douala, Cameroon.
Raymond Simplice Mouokeu
Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Douala, P.O.Box 2701, Douala, Cameroon.
Albert Sone Mouelle
Institute of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, University of Douala, P.O.Box 2701, Douala, Cameroon.
Cecile Enguehard Gueiffier
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Francois-Rabelais University of Tours, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aims: This study was designed to elucidate the antioxidant, analgesic and antipyretic activities of the ethanol extract of the stem bark of Dichaetanthera africana.
Place and Duration of Study: Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, VNS Group of Institutions, Bhopal, India, between September 2014 and November 2014.
Methodology: Antioxidant activities were determined in vitro by the total phenolic, total flavonoid, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), DPPH, hydrogen peroxide and ABTS methods. Analgesic and antipyretic activities were investigated using the acetic acid induced writhing and brewer’s yeast induced hyperpyrexia assays respectively.
Results: Ethanol extract had high phenolic (4.15-44.35 mgCA/g) and flavonoid (85.56-596.7 mgCA/g) contents and FRAP (187.87-371.41 mgCA/g). This extract exhibited strong DPPH (IC50 = 0.49 µg/ml), H2O2(IC50 = 1.62 µg/ml) and ABTS (IC50= 0.43 µg/ml) radical scavenging activities. Significant reduction of abdominal writhing (P< 0.001) and fever (P< 0.001) were observed in rats in a dose dependent manner after administration of the ethanol extract with the most effective dose being 400 mg/kg b.w.
Conclusion: These results provide promising baseline information for the potential use of Dichaetanthera africana in the treatment of pain and fever.
Keywords: Abdominal constriction writhing, fever, Melastomataceae, radical scavenging activity, total flavonoid, total phenol.