Estimation of Serum Glutathione Peroxidase in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetic Rat Treated with Bitter Leaf Extract
Arvin Nwakulite
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Madonna University, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Emmanuel Ifeanyi Obeagu
*
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Madonna University, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria and Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Imo State University, Owerri, Nigeria.
Richard Eze
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Madonna University, Elele, Rivers State, Nigeria.
Valerie Esame Ugochi
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
C.C.N. Vincent
Department of Nursing Science, Imo State University, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria.
Chukwuma J. Okafor
Department of Pathology and Biochemistry, State University of Zanzibar, Tanzania.
Ejike Felix Chukwurah
Department of Haematology and Immunology, Faculty of Clinical Medicine, Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki, Nigeria.
Bright Chukwuebuka Unaeze
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Chukwudi Ofodile Amaechi
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Chetachi Blessing Okwuanaso
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria.
Ufuoma Chukwuani
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Igbinedion University Okada, Edo State, Nigeria.
Bart I. Ifionu
Department of Chemical Pathology and Immunology, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Ogun State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease in which there are high blood sugar levels. Type 2 is due to the cells of the body not responding properly to the insulin produced. The aim of this study was to evaluate the enzyme activity in glutathione peroxidase in type 2 diabetic rats induced streptozotocin Wister rats. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) methods was used. Thirty-two (32) adult rats of Wister strain weighing between 120 g – 200 g of both sexes equally were used. Streptozotocin was used to induce diabetes after high fat diet. The rats were randomly grouped into 4 groups of 8 rats; group 1 are rats fed with only feed and water, group 2 were given 37 mg/kg of streptozotocin with feed and water, group 3 had 37 mg/kg of streptozotocin, feed, water and treated with 2ml of freshly prepared bitter leaf extract daily, group 4 had feed, water, 37mg/kg of streptozotocin and treated with 5 mg/kg of glibenclamide (anti diabetic drug). Severity of the induced diabetic state was assessed by daily and weekly monitoring of body weights and blood glucose levels. The result of fasting blood sugar shows a significant difference (P<0.05) at group 3(7.72±0.99) compared to group 4(9.93±1.22) in week 2.There is also a significant decrease (p<0.05) at group 3(7.72±0.99) compared to group 4(9.90±1.24) in week 3.There is also a significant decrease (p<0.05) at group 3(6.22±1.20) compared to group 46.50±0.70) in week 5. There is a significant increase (p<0.05) at group 1(7.63±0.71) compared to group 4(5.78±1.40), group 2(7.45±0.87) compared to group 4(5.78±1.40)in week 4.There is also a significant decrease in GPX activity in group at group 1(424.59±102.65) compared to group 2(307.34±75.66). There is no significant difference (p>0.05) at group 2(307.34±75.66) compared to group 3(204.31±46.51). There is also no significant difference (p>0.05) at group 2(307.34±75.66) compared to group 4(206.12±55.37). No significant difference (p>0.05) at group 3(204.31±46.51) compared to group 4(206.12±55.37). In conclusion, the result of this study suggest that bitter leaf extract reduced glucose level and has no damage effect on the liver.
Keywords: Glutathione peroxidase, streptozotocin diabetic rat, bitter leaf extract