Severity of Maternal Anemia and Feto-Maternal Outcome at Tertiary Care Hospital
Raheela Rani Junejo *
Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LUMHS Jamshoro, Pakistan.
Nousheen Memon
Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LUMHS Jamshoro, Pakistan.
Nazia Memon
Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, LUMHS Jamshoro, Pakistan.
Ali Faraz Shaikh
Department of Cardiology, LUMHS Jamshoro, Pakistan.
Abdul Ghaffar Dars
Department of Medicine, LUMHS Jamshoro, Pakistan.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Objective: To determine the severity of anemia among pregnant women and its impact on feto-maternal outcome at tertiary care Hospital.
Materials and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study; conducted at gynae department of LUMHS; during 6 months from November 2019 to April 2020. Women with age >15 years, visited antenatal clinic and admitted for delivery and those who were admitted through emergency with labour pain and either of parity were included. A 3 ml fresh blood sample was taken from each woman and was sent immediately to the Hospital diagnostic laboratory for the assessment of haemoglobin level. Mothers having haemoglobin levels <11 g/dL, were considered as anemic. All the information regarding feto-maternal outcome, in terms of maternal and fetal complications including prolonged Hospital stays mortality were documented via self-made study proforma. Data analysis was done by using SPSS version 20.
Results: Total 150 pregnant women were enrolled. Maternal mean age was 26.83+4.13 years and mean gestational age was 35.96+2.61 weeks. Most of the women utilized an unsatisfactory diet. Out of all, 83(55.3%) women underwent C-sections and 67(44.7%) underwent normal vaginal deliveries. majority of the women 90(60.0%) underwent blood transfusion. Maternal anemia was highly prevalent (90.7%). Moderate anemia was most common in 64(42.7%) women, followed by mild anemia among 39(26.0%) women, and 33(22.0%) women were severely anemic, while only 14(09.3%) were found with normal haemoglobin level. According to maternal and fetal outcomes, 02.7% women had acute kidney injury, 02.0% had blood transfusion reaction, pre-eclampsia was seen in 06.0% women, 04.7% women were admitted in ICU and mortality rate was 04.7%. Pre-term birth rate was 35.3%, ABG was seen in 26.7% of the cases, early neonatal death rate was 02.0%, neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission rate was 02.7% and intrauterine death was 15.3%.
Conclusions: Severity of anemia observed to be highly prevalent in our population and found to be associated with adverse feto-maternal outcomes.
Keywords: Anemia, complications, mortality