Risk Factor Assessment of Helicobacter pylori Infection in a Rural Community of People with Gastritis: A Community Based Cross-Sectional Study
Suresh Jaiswal
*
School of Life and Allied Health Science, Glocal University, India.
Bishnu Raj Tiwari
School of Health and Allied Sciences, Pokhara University, Nepal.
Dinesh C. Sharma
School of Life and Allied Health Science, Glocal University, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Aim: The purpose of this study was to detect the incidence and risk factors of H. Pylori infections in patients with gastritis.
Study Design: A community-based cross-sectional study.
Place and Duration of Study: Mahagadhimai-5, Province 2 in a rural setting of Nepal from November 2019 to March 2020.
Methodology: Stool samples were collected from the gastritis patients and were subjected to detection of the H. pylori stool antigen following the procedures recommended by the manufacturer. A questionnaire was completed by the investigators with the cooperation of each participant for the potential risk factors as designed and completed.
Results: Out of 150 participants, 82 (54.7%) were female and 68 (45.3%) were male participants. Out of 150 participants, 32.7% (49) were positive for H. pylori antigen. No significant association was seen with sex, age group while others did not show significant relation with socio-demography. Association of food habits with H. pylori antigen has significant association with smoking habits with P-value 0.049 OR 0.518 at 95% CI (0.249- 1.080) while others did not show significant relation.
Conclusions: Nearly one-third of the population was infected with H. pylori in Mahagadhimai-5, Province 2. The socio-demographic profiles, socio-economic factors and lifestyle are worth taking into consideration to prevent diseases associated with H. pylori infection.
Keywords: Gastritis, serological testing, Helicobacter pylori