Phytochimic Study, Antioxidant Activity and Nutritional Interest of Extracts from Leaves of Khaya senegalensis (Desr) A. Juss (Meliaceae) Collected in the Northern Cote d'ivoire
Kone Monon *
Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University, BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire.
Traore Youssouf Zanga
Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University, BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire.
Konan Kouadio Fernique
Department of Bacteriology Virology, Surveillance Unit of Resistance of Micro-organisms for Anti-Infective (ASSURMI), Pasteur Institute, Côte d'Ivoire and Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Felix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
Toure Abdoulaye
Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University, BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire.
Koko Kouakou Konan Henri Joel
Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University, BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire.
Ouattara Karamoko
Faculty of Biosciences, Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics-biochimistry, Felix Houphouët-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire.
Coulibaly Adama
Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University, BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire and Faculty of Biosciences, Laboratory of Pharmacodynamics-biochimistry, Felix Houphouët-Boigny University, 22 BP 582 Abidjan 22, Côte d'Ivoire.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Medicinal and food plants contain a large number of metabolites that have multiple interests in pharmacology, cosmetology and the food industry. The aim of this study was to determine the content of phenolic and flavonoid compounds, to evaluate the antioxidant activity and to raise the nutritional interest of extracts from leaves of Khaya senegalensis. The methodological approach consisted of carrying out extractions with distilled water, ethanol, methanol and butanol. The extracts thus obtained were subjected to phytochemical analysis by spectrophotometric assay to determine the content of minerals, total phenols and flavonoids and to evaluate the antioxidant activity. The investigations revealed that K. senegalensis leaves extract have a high calcium content (948.38 ± 11.57 mg / 100 g), magnesium (188.24 ± 0.97 mg / 100 g), phosphorus (304.98 ± 2.6 mg / 100 g) and iron (41.50 ± 1.57 mg / 100 g). A high content of total phenols and flavonoids was observed with butanol extract (91.53 ± 0.04 mg EAG / g extract) and (75.58 ± 0.05 mg EQ / g extract) respectively. The ethanol and methanol extracts recorded the best performances by reducing the residual iron while the aqueous and butanol extracts obtained the IC50 values closest to those of the reference viz vitamin C and BHT. This studyshowed that K. senegalensis leaves are a source of active substances known for their therapeutic and nutritional properties. The leaves of K. senegalensis could be used to treat various pathologies and also as an alternative in cattle feeding.
Keywords: Phytochemical study, antioxidant activity, minerals, Khaya senegalensis, nutritional interest.