Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International

Analysis of Haematological Parameters in Cerebrovascular Accidents: a Retrospective Study in Tertiary Care Centre

2022-08-09T12:30:09+00:00

Aim: To analyse hematological parameters in Cerebrovascular disease

Study design :A retrospective study

Place of Study: The study was carried out in Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Tamil Nadu, India.

Methodology: This is a retrospective study conducted in Saveetha medical college and hospital during the period of December 2020 and May 2021. The study includes 260 cases, of which 130 CVA patients and 130 control group was taken. Haematological parameters were obtained using Sysmex Automated Analyzer XN-1000.

Statistical analysis was done by SPSS software version 23, with descriptive and independent t test. The level of significance was taken as p value<0.05

Results: CVA are due to two main causes, ischaemic (63.84%) and haemorrhagic infarct (36.15%) The age ranges from 47-69 among stroke subjects. The mean age of control(38.80±12.40years) and CVA group(58.177±11.78years). Both ischaemic and haemorrhagic infarcts are more common among male. On haematological parameters study, analysis showed platelet was increased in CVA than control group. RBC, PCV, MCV, MCHC, TC, neutrophil, lymphocyte, eosinophil, basophil are significant. Haemoglobin, MCH, RDW and monocyte revealed no significance.

Conclusion: In this study, haematological parameters of ischemic CVA patients were greatly altered. The presence of persistently altered status of haematological parameters cerebral ischemic event indicate that these parameters can be considered a simple inflammatory indicator during the development of ischemic damage.

Psychological Assessment using Modified DASS-21 Scale during COVID-19 Pandemic

2022-08-10T11:34:39+00:00

Aims: To assess the levels of stress, anxiety, depression among the general population during COVID-19 pandemic and to compare the levels of psychological morbidities, between two different geographical locations in India.

Study Design: Cross-sectional observational study

Place and Duration of Study: Kerala and Tamil Nadu, between March 2021 and August 2021.

Methodology: A total of 522 participants got enrolled for the study, while 505 participants comprising 256 males and 249 females were selected, based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21) was used to assess the level of distress experienced by the study population.

Results: The sample size was calculated to be around 385 fixing a 95% confidence interval, 5% margin of error with a population proportion of 50% and of unlimited population size. Depression level among male (38%) was slightly higher than female population (37%). Anxiety levels were similar among the male (42%) and female (42%). Stress level was found to be slightly higher in female (22%) than in male (19%). State wise comparison showed that the people of Tamil Nadu had slightly higher level of depression (44%), anxiety (49%) and stress (26%) than the people of Kerala. The parameter of anxiety seemed to be higher when compared with depression and stress. 38% of the population suffered from all the 3 mental health conditions. 32% had at least 2 mental health related trouble. 11% had no mental health issue.

Conclusion: The study reveals that COVID pandemic had definitely created a lot of psychological instability amongst the general public. Our findings propose that constructing a sense of self-management among the general population through providing proper awareness about psychological morbidities and develop necessary interventions that can improve the mental health of vulnerable groups which may be crucial in ensuring preparedness for high contesting environments and adjustments during such pandemic experiences.

Indication, Contraindication, Complication and Monitoring of Isotretinoin

2022-08-09T12:43:34+00:00

Acne is the most prevalent skin disorder affecting primarily adolescents and young adults. Side effects of acne, such as scarring, dyspigmentation, and low self-esteem, can cause severe morbidity. Isotretinoin is a medication that is used to treat severe acne. The medicine was licensed by the Food and Drug Administration in 1982 to treat severe nodular acne that had been resistant to other treatments, including systemic antibiotics. Other indications of isotretinoin include moderate acne, cutaneous T-cell lymphomas, neuroblastoma, and the prevention of squamous cell carcinoma in high-risk patients. Rosacea, folliculitis, and pyoderma faciale have all been treated with isotretinoin. Some side effects are also associated with the use of isotretinoin including teratogenicity the most severe one. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about indication, contraindication, complication and monitoring of Isotretinoin. Various dermatological conditions are also treated with isotretinoin apart from the common indication of acne. Complete blood count along with the lipid profile, and liver function test are monitored in patients on isotretinoin therapy. Dry lips and dry skin are among the common side effects of isotretinoin. Due to the severe complication of teratogenicity isotretinoin is contraindicated among pregnant women. Evidence from the literature suggests that isotretinoin is the effective medication in treatment of acne and low dose of isotretinoin does not cause any complication. Evidence-based guidelines and strategies for safety and efficacy of isotretinoin can be developed by further clinical research and trials.