https://journaljpri.com/index.php/JPRI/issue/feed 2022-12-06T13:04:50+00:00 Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International contact@journaljpri.com Open Journal Systems <p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International (ISSN:&nbsp;2456-9119)</strong> is dedicated to publish&nbsp;high quality papers (<a href="/index.php/JPRI/general-guideline-for-authors">Click here for Types of paper</a>)&nbsp;in all areas of pharmaceutical Science including pharmaceutical drugs, community pharmacy, hospital pharmacy, clinical pharmacy, compounding pharmacy, consultant pharmacy, internet pharmacy, veterinary pharmacy, nuclear pharmacy, military pharmacy, pharmacy informatics, pharmaceutics, medicinal chemistry, pharmacognosy, pharmacotherapy, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, clinical pharmacology, neuropharmacology, psychopharmacology, pharmacogenetics, pharmacogenomics, pharmacoepidemiology, toxicology, theoretical pharmacology, posology, pharmacognosy, behavioral pharmacology, environmental pharmacology, medicine development and safety testing, drug legislation and safety, pharmaceutical microbiology, pharmaceutical molecular biology, pharmaceutical biotechnology. By not excluding papers based on novelty, this journal facilitates the research and wishes to publish papers as long as they are technically correct and scientifically motivated. The journal also encourages the submission of useful reports of negative results. This is a quality controlled, OPEN peer-reviewed, open-access INTERNATIONAL journal.</p> <p style="text-align: justify;">This is an open-access journal which means that all content is freely available without charge to the user or his/her institution. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without asking prior permission from the publisher or the author. This is in accordance with the BOAI definition of open access.</p> https://journaljpri.com/index.php/JPRI/article/view/7244 2022-12-06T13:04:50+00:00 Aeshah AlAzmi aeshah.alazmi@gmail.com Wasil Jastaniah Mona AlDabbagh Naglla Elimam Mohammed AlHindi

<p><strong>Background: </strong>No existing research has addressed respiratory tract infections (RTIs) in children with non-neutropenic fever (NNF) who are present during seasons of religious mass gatherings (Hajj, Ramadan), especially if this coincides with the influenza season. The treatment approach for RTI cases in NNF children during mass religious gatherings may not be applicable in the normal season.</p> <p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study includes a retrospective analysis of RTI in NNF children who were present during mass religious gathering seasons and/or flu season, and who were being treated for malignancy at Princess Noorah Oncology Center from May 1, 2016 through December 2017.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 4599 spikes in fever were identified in 124 non-neutropenic children in whom 455 spikes (9.9%, 455 out of 4599) were documented during mass religious gatherings and/or the flu season. NNF secondary to RTIs was documented in 59.7% of patients during the study seasons with a total of 245 fever spikes recorded. Ceftriaxone-based therapy was the main treatment approach for NNF including the RTI cases that were associated with 50% of subsequent hospitalization for further management. Among all the examined risk factors, a prolonged fever of more than three days was significantly associated with NNF secondary to RTI during mass religious gatherings if coincident with the flu season, OR=0.034 [95% CI, 0.013 - 0.09] P-value &lt;0.001.</p> <p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study showed that the prevalence rate of NNF of RTI in NNF children increased during periods of mass gathering.&nbsp;There is need therefore for a national consensus to address NNF management during mass religious gatherings, particularly if coincident with the flu season.</p>

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