Molecular Mechanism and Role of Translational Values of Heat Shock Protein (HSP27) in Various Disease
Sameer Chaudhary
RASA Life Science Informatics, Pune 411004, India.
Sapana Sameer Chaudhary
RASA Life Science Informatics, Pune 411004, India.
Sakshi Rawat
RASA Life Science Informatics, Pune 411004, India.
Savneet Kaur
RASA Life Science Informatics, Pune 411004, India.
Bogireddy Devi
RASA Life Science Informatics, Pune 411004, India.
Malik M. Ahmad
Department of Agriculture, Integral Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology (IIAST), Integral University, Lucknow, India.
Zia Arshad
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, King George Medical University, Lucknow, India.
M. Mustafa
Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj-11942, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Manie M. Al Jedaie
Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj-11942, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
Pravej Alam *
Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj-11942, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
HSP27, also known as HSPB1, was first discovered with a molecular weight 27kDa belonging to the four member gene family. Elevated levels of HSP27 are seen when different unfavorable conditions prevail such as increase in temperature and oxidative stress or exposure to heavy metals or organic solvents. They possess ATP-independent chaperone like activity which helps in maintaining protein homeostasis. It can also form large oligomers (300-600 kDa) containing different numbers of subunits. It is composed of total 205 amino acids. HSP27 undergoes post-translational modifications i.e. phosphorylation thereby converting large oligomers into dimers. It can act as an anti-apoptotic and antioxidant molecule during oxidative stress. The elevated form of HSP27 is also seen in some cancer belongs to breast, ovary, prostate, brain, colorectal, hepatocellular carcinoma, lung, liver, and cervical regions. Keeping in view of molecular roles of HSP27 signaling in various pathways, we have proposed their translational values in different diseases. In addition, we have also reported the existing scientific data on the HSP27 as the potential cancer biomarker and their therapeutic targets for improved prognosis and treatment in different diseases.
Keywords: Heat shock protein, chaperone, phosphorylation, apoptosis, cancer, biomarker.